Iyi nyandiko
iragaragaza hamwe mu hantu hashoboye kumenyekana hiciwe Abatutsi benshi tariki
ya 14-18 Gicurasi 1994.
Abatutsi
biciwe kuri Centre de Sante ya Musambira, no kuri Paruwasi ya Musambira,
Kamonyi
Muri Komini
Musambira ubwicanyi bukomeye bwaherukaga kuba ku matariki ya 18 kugeza 20 Mata
2020.
Ku itariki
14/05/1994, nibwo ubwicanyi bwongeye gukaza umurego. Bamwe mu bari barokotse
ubwicanyi bwaberaga hirya no hino muri iyo Komini, bahungiye kuri Centre de
Sante ya Musambira no ku biro bya Komini Musambira byegeranye.
Kugira ngo
bongere bahuze Abatutsi, ubutegetsi bwababwiraga ko bajya aho kuri Komini no ku
Kigo nderabuzima, kugira ngo bazahabarindire ndetse banabubakire amacumbi kuko
amazu yabo yari yarasenywe.
Ku tariki ya
14/5/1994, haje igitero kigota Centre de Sante, uwo munsi bica igitsina gabo
cyose abagore barabareka. Imirambo yabaye myinshi igera aharemeraga isoko
ry’ihene n’iry’inka, barangije bategeka abagore b’abatutsikazi guterura ya
mirambo, kandi imyinshi yari iy’abagabo babo. Abagore banze kuyiterura,
abicanyi batangira kubakubita bituma batangira gukurura ya mirambo bayijyana mu
byobo byashyirwagamo imyanda y’ibagiro ndetse no mu byobo Centre de Sante
yashyiragamo imyanda.
Bucyeye ku
itariki 15/5/1994, abicanyi bazanye igitero cy’abana, ngo bajye kwica abana
b’Abatutsi, kuko ku itariki ya 14/5/1994 hari hishwe abasore n’abagabo gusa,
abana n’abagore barabasiga. Abo bana baje bitwaje imihoro, impiri, ariko
bahagarikiwe n’abantu bakuru. Kuri iyo tariki abana bose bishwe n’abandi bana
bagenzi babo, na none hasigara abagore n’utwana bahetse n’inshuke.
Ku itariki
ya 16/05/1994, igitero cyaje gutwara ba bagore bari kuri Centre de Sante
kibashyikiriza abandi bicanyi bari kuri bariyeri y’ahitwa mu Cyakabiri, abo
bicanyi nabo baberekeza ahitwa mu Kagarama hagana ahitwa i Nyarubaka.
Bahasanze
ikindi gitero, bahicira abagore benshi, bicishijwe amabuye, babahamba babona
n’ibindi bibi.
Ubwicanyi
bwarakomeje muri ako gace, no mu minsi yakurikiyeho.
Ku itariki
18/05/1995, abatutsi bari barahungiye kuri paruwasi ya Musambira ya Mutagatifu
Kizito, barishwe. Abari barahahungiye ni abatutsi baturutse imihanda yose harimo
abari basanzwe batuye muri komine Musambira no muri komine zari zituranye na
Musambira, hiyongeraho abari baturutse Runda na Kigali berekezaga I Kabgayi.
Bicishijwe intwaro zitadukanye zirimo imbunda n’intwaro gakondo. Nyuma ya
jenoside imva bari bashyinguyemo yimuriwe mu rwibutso rwa Kibuza.
Ab’ingenzi
bayoboye ubwicanyi bwa Musambira ni :
NYANDWI
Charles Burugumesitiri wa Musambira ;
KARANE
Dominique wahoze ari burugumesitiri wa Musambira ;
IYAKAREMYE
Abudrahamani ;
SEKAZIGA ;
RUKUNDAKUVUGA
Evariste ;
RYUMUGABE
Alphonse ;
KARAMBIZI
(wari konseye) ;
MUHOZI
Jafari ;
HARERIMANA
Yozefu alias NTURO ;
Frodouard
wari umupolisi;
LANDUWARIDI,
VIANNEY hamwe n’izindi nterahamwe n’abaturage b’abahutu.
Abatutsi
biciwe i Nyarubaka ku Gitega, Kamonyi
Tariki ya
16/05/1994, abagore bari bakuwe kuri Centre de Sante ya Musambira, bamaze
kwicirwa abagabo n’abana, bo barabashoreye, bari kumwe n’utwana bahetse
n’uducutse, babageza ahitwa mu Gitega mu Murenge wa Nyarubaka ariko icyo gihe
hari muri Komine Musambira. Babagejeje aho ngaho bavuga ko nta mwana w’umuhungu
ugomba kurenga aho ngaho. Kubera ko abana b’abahungu bahigwaga cyane, ababyeyi
bamwe bari bagerageje kubambika udukanzu.
Muri icyo
gitero cy’aho mu Gitega, hari umugore witwaga MUKANGANGO Laurence niwe wakoraga
akazi ko kureba niba akana ari agahungu cyangwa agakobwa. Utwana tw’uduhungu
twose badushyize mu cyobo tubona, hanyuma bategeka ba nyina gushyiraho itaka.
Abagore bamwe barabyanze batangira gukubitwa, abanze babiciye aho, abandi
bemera gushyiraho itaka. Amakuru avuga ko abo bana bapfuye nabi, bamwe bavuga
ko babatokoza, abandi basaba imbabazi ngo ntibazongera kuba Abatutsi, ndetse
uko bashyiragaho itaka bamwe barwanaga no kuzamuka ngo bave muri icyo cyobo
ariko bikaba iby’ubusa. Abana bose bahiciwe ni 78.
Kuva aho
hantu werekeza ku Murenge wa Nyarubaka abagore n’abakobwa bahaguye ni benshi
kuko bakomeje kubashorera babica, babashinyagurira kugera bageze ahitwa i
Musumba noneho bagakubitwa bikomeye cyane.
Aho i
Musumba bahakubitirwaga iruhande rwabo uwari Burugumesitiri wa Komine Nyamabuye
RUZIGANA Emmanuel yaje kuhakoreshereza inama. Bake babashije gusigara bageze i
Kabgayi, abandi bakomeza kuzerera mu mashyamba kugeza Jenoside irangiye.
Abatutsi biciwe
mu Ishuri ry’Ubuhanga (Ecole des Sciences) mu Byimana
Mu gihe cya
Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Abatutsi 105 biciwe mu isambu y’ikigo cy’amashuri
yisumbuye cya Byimana mu ishyamba. Ikigo giherereye mu cyahoze ari Perefegitura
ya Gitarama, Komini Mukingi, Segiteri ya Muhororo muri Serire ya Kigarama
ubu ni mu Karere ka Ruhango, Umurenge wa Byimana, Akagali ka
Bukomero mu Mudugudu wa Muhororo. Cyari ikigo gicungwa
n’abafurere Maristes kugeza n’ubu nibo bagicunga.
Hiciwe
Abatutsi benshi by’umwihariko bakuwe i Kabgayi aho bari barahungiye barimo
n’Abafurere Maristes b’Abatutsi babaga mu kigo cy’abafurere mu Byimana,
bahungiye i Kabgayi kuwa 24/04/1994 nyuma yo kwirukanwa mu kigo na bagenzi babo
bakajyanwayo n’uwitwa Uwamungu Jean Bosco wari ukuriye ikigo.
Ku itariki
ya 29/4/1994 babanje kwica umwarimu witwaga Nteziyaremye Migabo Lazare bamukura
mu kigo bajya kumwicira mu gasantere ka Byimana aho yari atuye.
Nyuma yaho,
ku itariki 13/05/1994, hishwe gusa abarimu b’Abatutsi bigishaga mu kigo
cy’ishuri cya Byimana barimo Rubayiza Etienne wiciwe mu kigo aho yari yihishe,
Gasana Balthazar na Nyirakazungu Gloriose bari batuye hanze y’ikigo
mu nzu y’abafurere bishwe barashwe n’abasirikare bari mu kigo. Gasana yicanwe
n’umwana we w’umuhungu witwaga Niragire Prudence. Muri iki kigo habaga abagore
b’abasirikare bo mu Kigo cya Gako bari barahunze Bugesera imazwe gufatwa bari
kumwe n’abasirikare ba Ex-FAR bagiye bakomerekera ku rugamba. Ni bamwe mu
bagize uruhare muri uwbo bwicanyi.
Ku wa
24/5/1994 nibwo abasirikare bakuye Abafurere bo mu Byimana i Kabgayi aho bari
barahungiye barimo Gatari Gaspard wari ushinzwe amasomo mu kigo cya
Byimana (préfet des études), Nyirinkindi Canisius na Bisengimana Fabien
bari abafurere Maristes baza kubicira mu Byimana. Hari abandi bakoreraga
i Kabgayi barimo Furere Munyanshongore Martin akaba yari umukuru
w’abafurere Josephites mu Rwanda wari ufite icyicaro i
Kabgayi. Hazanywe kandi Padiri Niyonshuti Celestin wigeze gukorera
ubutumwa muri Paruwasi Gatulika ya Byimana n’umubikira witwa
Mama Benigne wo mu muryango w’Abenebikira wari ushinzwe ikigo cyo guteza
imbere imirire myiza (centre nutritionnel) cya Diyosezi ya Kabgayi
nabo biciwe mu Byimana.
Muri rusange
i Kabgayi hakuwe abafurere, abihaye Imana n’abandi batutsi bari barahahungiye
by’umwihariko abari basanzwe bazwi, barimo KALINDA Viateur wari
umunyamakuru w’imikino kuri Radio Rwanda n’abandi.
Mbere yo
kubagarura kwicirwa mu Byimana, abafurere bagenzi babo bo mu Byimana babanje
kujya babagemurira ibiryo i Kabgayi. Ibyo byatumaga bamenya abahahungiye
no gukurikirana amakuru yabo kugeza ubwo basabye ko bicirwa mu
Byimana.
Bamaze
kuhabageza bicishijwe imbunda bakaba barishwe n’abasirikare bari baraje mu kigo
cy’abafurere nyuma yo kurasirwa ku rugamba. Muri bo harimo Lt Monique
n’umusirikare witwa Nzayisenga wavukaga mu Byimana.
Bamwe mu
bandi bagize uruhare mu kubica harimo :
Ntamugabumwe
Emmanuel, Nduwamungu Emmanuel na Kibihira aba bose bahamijwe ibyaha bya
Jenoside mu Nkiko Gacaca. Abandi bari ku isonga mu gutegura ubwo bwicanyi
barimo Padiri Mukuru wa Paruwasi Gatulika ya Byimana witwa NDAGIJIMANA Joseph
yakatiwe igifungo cya burundu n’inkiko zisanzwe ubu afungiye muri gereza
ya Nyanza i Mpanga, Furere NKUSI François ukomoka mu Cyanika mu Karere ka
Nyamagabe wabaga mu kigo cy’abafurere Maristes mu Byimana, yakatiwe n’urukiko
Gacaca rwa Segiteri ya Muhororo imyaka 25 ubu afungiye muri gereza ya
Nyanza.
Undi ni
Furere Uwamungu Bosco wabaga mu Byimana, yaje kuba Padiri nyuma ya
Jenoside ; ubu atuye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (USA), yakatiwe
adahari igifungo cy’imyaka 30 n’urukiko Gacaca rwa segiteri ya Muhororo.
Rugamba François watwaraga imodoka y’ikigo cya Byimana, yakatiwe igifungo
cy’imyaka 30 n’inkiko zisanzwe ubu afungiye muri gereza ya Nyanza. Ntiyamira
Alexis wari Perezida wa MDR muri Komini Mukingi akaba yari n’umwarimu muri
Groupe Scolaire Shyogwe, ntabwo yakatiwe yahungiye muri Repuburika Iharanira
Demokarasi ya Kongo.
Umuryango
w’Abibumbye wakomeje kurangwa no kwanga gutabara Abatutsi bakorerwaga Jenoside
Ku itariki
ya 17 Gicurasi 1994, Inama y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi
yariyerurukije itora icyemezo cyongera ingabo za MINUAR zikagera ku 5.500
ndetse muri icyo cyemezo hemezwa ko u Rwanda rwambuwe uburenganzira bwo kongera
kugura intwaro (embargo). Nubwo hatowe uwo mwanzuro ariko, Umuryango
w’Abibumbye wanze guhindura manda ya MINUAR ngo ihabwe ububasha bwo gukoresha
ingufu mu guhagarika Jenoside. Jenoside yarinze irangira n‘icyo cyemezo cyatowe
kitubahirijwe.
Nyamara,
Radiyo BBC yari yatangaje mu makuru yayo yo ku wa 14 Gicurasi 1994, ko ibihugu
bya Nigeria, Ghana, Tanzaniya, Zimbabwe, Zambiya, Senegal na Australiya byari
byiteguye gutanga abasilikare bo kongera umubare wa MINUAR. Muri aya makuru,
Radio BBC yasobanuraga kandi ko Umunyamabanga mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye
Boutros-Boutros Ghali yari yatanze raporo muri iyo nama igaragaza ko MINUAR
izakenera amafranga angana na miliyoni ijana na cumi n’eshanu z’amadolari. Ayo
mafranga ntiyigeze atangwa.
Impaka mu
Muryango w’Abibumbye muri iyo nama zaranzwe kandi n’ubufatanye hagati
y’Ubufransa na Leta y’abicanyi mu kwanga gutora ibyemezo birengera abicwaga.
Uwari uhagarariye u Rwanda mu Muryango w’Abibumbye witwaga BIZIMANA Jean
Damascene, ubu wahungiye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, afashijwe na
Ambasederi w’Ubufransa mu Muryango w’Abibumbye, Jean Bernard MERIMEE, banze
gutora icyemezo cyo kongera umubare w‘abasilikare b’amahanga mu Rwanda, banga
no gutora ingingo ikumira Guverinoma y’abicanyi mu gutumiza intwaro zo gukora
Jenoside.
Papa Yohani
Paulo wa II yabaye uwa mbere mu gukoresha ijambo Jenoside
Nyuma
y’ukwezi n’igice abatutsi bicwa buri munsi mu Rwanda amahanga arebera, ndetse
no mu Muryango w’Abibumbye banga guha ubwicanyi bwa Jenoside yakorerwa Abatutsi
inyito nyayo yari ibukwiriye, Umuyobozi mukuru wa Kiliziya gatorika,
Nyirubutungane Papa Yoahni Pawulo wa II yarabwamaganye.
Mu ijambo
yavuze ku cyumweru tariki ya 15 gicurasi 1994 mu butumwa yahaye isi
yahamagariye amahanga gukora ibishoboka agahagarika Jenoside mu Rwanda. Papa
Yohani Paulo wa II yanasabye ko amahanga akwiye gukora ibishoboha agashyikiriza
ubutabera abantu bari bafite uruhare muri Jenoside.
Radiyo
mpuzamahanga y’Ubufransa yo, RFI, ikoresheje umunyamakuru wayo wari mu Rwanda,
Jean Helene, akorera mu gice cy’abicanyi, yakomeje guhitisha amakuru
abashyigikira kandi abaha ijambo kuri RFI. Kuri iyi tariki 15 gicurasi 1994,
RFI yahaye ijambo umukuru w’Interahamwe, Robert Kajuga, ahakana ubwicanyi bwose
bwakorwaga na Guverinoma ya Kambanda, ingabo zayo n’Interahamwe/Impuzamugambi,
yamamaza ko abo bica ari Inkotanyi n’ibyitso byazo, ko atari abasivile.
Kuri iyi
tariki ya 18 gicurasi 1994, Jenoside yari yaramaze guhitana Abatutsi benshi
hose mu gihugu, hasigaye ahantu hake aho bari bakirwanaho cyangwa se batarabica
bose kubera impamvu zitandukanye.
Ubukana
bwakoreshejwe, uruhare inzego za Leta zabigizemo zishora abaturage b’abahutu
muri Jenoside yarimbuye Abatutsi ni ikimenyetso ndakuka ko ubu bwicanyi
bwateguwe kandi bushyirwa mu bikorwa na Leta. Aya matariki yaranzwe cyane no
kwica utwana twari dusigaye tutaricwa kimwe n’abagore.