• Cuba: Isabukuru y’imyaka 100 ya Fidel Castro yongeye gukurura impaka ku murage we

Cuba yizihije isabukuru y’imyaka 100 y’amavuko ya Fidel Castro, umwe mu bayobozi bakomeye kandi batavugwaho rumwe mu mateka y’iki gihugu. Ibirori byabaye mu gihe Abanya-Cuba benshi bahanganye n’ibura ry’ibiribwa n’amazi, ndetse n’ibura ry’amashanyarazi rikomeje kuba ikibazo cya buri munsi.

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz yavutse ku wa 13 Kanama 1926, apfa ku wa 25 Ugushyingo 2016, afite imyaka 90. Yayoboye Cuba mu gihe cy’imyaka hafi 50, nyuma y’impinduramatwara yo mu 1959 yakuye ku butegetsi Fulgencio Batista.

Kuri uyu munsi wo kwizihiza imyaka 100 y’amavuko ye, igihugu cyongeye kwibaza ku murage wiyo mpinduramatwara  ndetse n’uko abayobozi bamukurikiye bashoboye gukomeza ibyo yari yaragezeho.

Muri iki gihe, ibibazo by’amashanyarazi biri mu bibazo bikomeye Abanya-Cuba bahura na byo. Gukata amashanyarazi kenshi bigira ingaruka ku mibereho y’imiryango, ndetse bigateza impungenge ko ibikoresho byo mu ngo byangirika.

Angela Gutierrez, umunya-Cuba uri mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, yagaragaje akababaro katewe n’iki kibazo, avuga ko gukatwa kw’amashanyarazi kenshi byangiza ibikoresho byo mu rugo.

Yibuka ko yigeze kubona firigo n’imashini imesa kubera akazi yakoraga mu mirima, ariko ubu akaba afite impungenge ko firigo ye iri hafi kwangirika kubera amashanyarazi adahoraho.

Ati: “Kuki bakata amashanyarazi kenshi gutya? Bangiza ibikoresho byose byo mu rugo.”

Ku banenga Fidel Castro, ibibazo Cuba ifite uyu munsi ntibiterwa gusa n’uko uyu muyobozi yapfuye hashize imyaka icumi, ahubwo bifitanye isano n’umurage wa politiki n’ubukungu yasigiye igihugu.

Manuel Cuesta, umuhanga mu mateka akaba n’umunyapolitiki utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, ubu ufite imyaka 63, avuga ko mu gihe yari akiri muto yabonaga Fidel Castro nk’“umukiza”.

Ariko avuga ko uko imyaka yagiye ishira, cyane cyane ku rubyiruko rwo muri iki kinyejana gishya , imyumvire kuri Castro yahindutse.

Ku rubyiruko rwinshi, Castro ntiyacyumvikanamo nk’umuyobozi waje gukiza igihugu, ahubwo bamwe bamubona nk’umwe mu bubatse gahunda iri ku isonga mu bibazo Cuba ihanganye na byo uyu munsi.

Mu myaka myinshi, Cuba yamenyekanye ku gutanga ubuvuzi n’uburezi ku baturage ku buntu, ndetse n’izindi serivisi z’imibereho.

Abashyigikiye Castro bavuga ko ibyo ari bimwe mu byagezweho bikomeye mu mpindiramatwara ye, kandi ko bitagomba kwibagirana kubera ibibazo by’ubukungu igihugu gifite muri iki gihe.

Ariko iyo gahunda y’imibereho yari ijyanye n’uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura ubuzima bwa politiki. Abaturage bahabwaga serivisi z’ibanze, ariko ubwisanzure bwa politiki n’uburyo bwo kunenga ubutegetsi byari bifite imipaka ikomeye.

Nubwo hari ababona Castro nk’intandaro y’ibibazo bya Cuba, hari n’abaturage bakimwibukana amarangamutima meza.

Mildred Barreto, ukora isuku, avuga ko ubuzima bwo muri iki gihe bumugora cyane kurusha uko yabibonaga mu gihe Fidel Castro yari akiri ku butegetsi.

Ati: “Biragoye kubona imibereho. Ku gihe cy’umuyobozi wacu Fidel Castro, ntibyari bimeze gutya.”

Aya magambo agaragaza ko hari Abanya-Cuba bagifite imbamutima z’igihe cya Castro, cyane cyane abibuka uburyo Leta yageragezaga gutanga serivisi z’ibanze no kurengera abaturage bafite amikoro make.

Ku bantu basesengura amateka ya Cuba, impindiramatwara ye  yari yarubatse icyo bashobora kwita “amasezerano y’imibereho”: Leta igatanga uburezi, ubuvuzi n’ubundi burinzi bw’imibereho, mu gihe abaturage bagombaga kwemera gahunda ya politiki y’ishyaka rimwe n’imipaka ku bwisanzure bwa politiki.

Ariko muri iyi myaka ishize, ayo masezerano ngo yarasenyutse cyangwa aragenda acika intege.

Ibura ry’ibiribwa, amazi n’amashanyarazi, hamwe n’ibibazo by’ubukungu, byatumye bamwe mu Banya-Cuba bibaza niba ubutegetsi bw’iki gihe bugishoboye gutanga ibyo izo mpinduramatwra yari yarabasezeranyije.

Ku rubyiruko rwa Cuba, isabukuru y’imyaka 100 ya Fidel Castro ntabwo ari ukwibuka amateka gusa. Ni n’umwanya wo kwibaza ku hazaza h’igihugu.

Abenshi mu rubyiruko rw’iki gihe ntabwo babayeho mu gihe Castro yari akiri ku butegetsi afite imbaraga nk’uko ababyeyi n’abasogokuru babo babibonaga. Ku bwabo, Castro ni amateka kurusha kuba umuyobozi bamwibukira ku buzima bwa buri munsi.

Ibi bituma umurage we ukomeza guteza impaka hagati y’abavuga ko yubatse Cuba yigenga ifite serivisi z’imibereho, n’abavuga ko yasize gahunda ya politiki n’ubukungu itabashije guhangana n’ibibazo by’iki gihe.

Mu gihe Cuba yizihizaga imyaka 100 ya Fidel Castro, igihugu cyagaragaraga nk’icishije bugufi: ibura ry’ibiribwa n’amazi, amashanyarazi acikagurika ndetse n’ibibazo by’ubukungu bikomeje kugira ingaruka ku mibereho y’abaturage.

Ku bashyigikiye Castro, ibi bibazo bishobora kuba igihamya cy’uko igihugu cyatakaje umuyobozi wari ufite ubushobozi bwo kugihagararira no kurengera Revolution.

Ku bamunenga, ariko, ibibazo biriho uyu munsi ni igisobanuro cy’umurage w’ubutegetsi bwe umaze imyaka myinshi.

Fidel Castro yavutse ku wa 13 Kanama 1926, apfa ku wa 25 Ugushyingo 2016. Nyuma y’imyaka icumi apfuye, izina rye riracyafite uruhare rukomeye muri politiki n’amateka ya Cuba, kandi isabukuru y’imyaka 100 yongeye kugaragaza ko ikibazo cy’umurage we kitararangiza izo mpaka.

 

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